
(I first met Steven G. Fuller about 4 years ago when he graciously showed Greg and me around the Schomburg Research Center and the Black Gay and Lesbian Archive project in Harlem. I had been following his work since I first heard of the project in 2000. Steven is not only a librarian/archivist, but a first rate essayist, editor and poet. If you're ever in the NYC area, stop by and let him show you around. ~ Doug)
When was the Black Gay and Lesbian Archive Project started?In 1999, I approached GMAD about depositing their archives at the Schomburg. Kevin McGruder, the executive director at the time, was interested and helped to develop and execute the project. I was awarded a documentary heritage grant, a program sponsored by the New York State Archives, which essentially provided a modest stipend to process the papers. The records were moved to the Center, processed and are now available to the public.
While researching for the grant, I searched for other repositories collecting Black queer materials, both in order to know the territory of queer archives, and to develop my grant proposal. The majority of libraries and archival institutions whose stated missions were to collect and preserve Black or queer cultural or historical materials were sadly lacking.
What was available in 1999 at many of these institutions were books by mainstream authors like James Baldwin, Audre Lorde or Samuel Delany, but less than a handful had Black queer archival records. The Schomburg had (and continues to have) the largest collection of Black queer materials to date.
While I don’t recall the exact moment I decided to start an archival initiative to collect the universe of Black queer materials, I do remember feeling like I was in the right place and time to do this work.
I spent about ten years collecting materials before formerly instituting the BGLA in 2000. The collection was housed at my apartment. Inspired by the lack of documentation of non-heterosexual black life in libraries and repositories nationally, the genesis of the project began with my collection of books, magazines, flyers, programs, conference materials and other paraphernalia. For five years I traveled extensively in the United States and abroad, attending readings, conferences and other cultural events seeking and collecting materials created by and about activists, writers, filmmakers, organizations, businesses and other artists in the United States, Europe and Africa. Materials in the collection, as well, as photographic collections and artifacts, reflect those efforts. Currently the BGLA contains information dating from the mid-1950s to the present, documenting the experiences of non-heterosexual men and women of African descent primarily in the United States, London and several countries in Africa. Consisting of dozens of small collections of one to five folders, these miscellaneous collections form the bulk of the paper-based, non-photographic materials that I acquired through donation or purchase in an effort to bring to light the culture and history of Black lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, same gender loving, queer, questioning, and in the life people.
Subject areas in the collections will be familiar to members and students of Black queer culture and history including files for writers such as Audre Lorde and Essex Hemphill, but there is also information on lesser known individuals and organizations such as information about filmmaker Michelle Parkerson, the Los Angeles based Association of Black Gays, and IRUWA! Minnesota Coalition of Black Gays, The span of the collection is the mid 20th Century to the present including a focus on information about underdocumented individuals, organizations and subjects in the 1980s when many organizations formed in response to the HIV/AIDS crisis.
Types of materials in the collection include printed matter (reviews and feature articles, programs, flyers and broadsides, newsletters), letters, including correspondence generated by me with donors and individuals documented in the collection, resumes and other biographical information, scripts, academic papers, and speeches. In some cases, files contain scant information. Additionally, the administrative files contain information about the structure and development of the project and its deposit to the Schomburg Center.
How large is the collection and what are some of the items?The BGLA is about 30 linear feet, and it includes dozens of books, magazines, journals, newsletters, newspapers, flyers, hand cards, posters, photographs, t-shirts, films, music CDs, and a number of other items. There are papers for writers Cheryl Clarke, Donna Allegra, Ira Jeffries and Ron Simmons, along with one to three folder collections for individuals, organizations, pride events, subjects, and house/ballroom scenes. There are more collection materials mentioned below.
How accessible is it to the public?Currently the archive is open to the public by appointment. Interested researchers should contact me directly at sfullwood@nypl.org. My complete contact information is listed below.
What got you interested in the idea of a black gay and lesbian archive?I was researching a grant to process the records of the Gay Men of African Descent. What I found was that there were virtually no libraries or archival institutions actively collecting black queer materials. At the time I was working as an archivist at the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, New York Public Library. The Schomburg had (and continues to have) the largest collection of black queer materials including the papers of Joseph Beam, editor of the first black gay anthology, In the Life; Melvin Dixon, poet, translator, and author of Vanishing Rooms; Assotto Saint, author, activist and publisher of Galiens Press; as well as books and magazines and journals. I was in the best possible position to start the archive because 1) I was at the Schomburg, 2) I has a sense of the geography of black queer history, 3) I knew artists, activists, and regular folk personally who were interested in reaching as many people as possible with their work, and 4) the archive project itself was an extension of what I believe might be useful to not just one segment of the black queer community or even the black community, but everyone. Redefining community so that everyone is valued is a dream of mine. By acknowledging the presence of non-heterosexual people I believe helps develop healthy community dialogue about perceived differences to diffuse and eradicate the stereotypes, distrust and lies that to this day go largely unchallenged. (Part 2 of the Interview Below)